Understanding Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common eye disease that primarily affects people over the age of 50. It affects the macula, a small area in the center of the retina that is responsible for sharp central vision. The disease can cause a gradual loss of central vision, making it difficult to read, recognize faces, and perform other tasks that require fine vision.
Symptoms of AMD Early signs of AMD include blurred or distorted vision, such as straight lines appearing wavy or a decrease in the clarity of colors. In more advanced stages, central vision may disappear completely, leaving a dark or empty spot in the center of the visual field. It is crucial to see an eye doctor as soon as these symptoms appear for early diagnosis.
Causes and Risk Factors AMD is often age-related, but other factors can increase the risk of developing the disease, such as smoking, heredity, high blood pressure, and a nutrient-poor diet. Caucasians and women also appear to be at higher risk.
Available Treatments Although there is no cure for AMD, several treatments can slow its progression. Intraocular injections, photodynamic therapies, and specific nutritional supplements are the most common methods. Regular screening is essential to adapt treatments according to the progression of the disease.
Prevention and Adaptation To prevent AMD or mitigate its effects, it is recommended to adopt a healthy lifestyle, including a diet rich in antioxidants, protecting the eyes from UV rays, and quitting smoking. Visual aids and low vision devices can also improve the quality of life of those affected.EYE CARE