Biochemistry of Enceladus
Observations of Elemental Composition of Enceladus Consistent with Generalized Models of Theoretical Ecosystems | bioRxiv
Paper on BiorXiv on the chemistry found on Enceladus. You can read this here
I found a link to this on the Fediverse and the original post can also be found here
This can also be discussed on Science Forums
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Index
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Solute calculator
There is website tool for calculating the amount of solute needed for a given volume and concentration. This can be found here
I just put this together in python3
V2.0
#Chemical solute calculator
print("Chemical solute calculator")
print(" ")
print("This program will ask you for some basic data and will then calculate how much solute is needed for a given volume and concentration")
print(" ")
print("1 mol solution is formula weight in 1 liter of water")
print("")
print(" ")
print("Mass is the molecular mass of the chemical solution you're making e.,g Copper Sulfate is 249g")
print(" ")
print("Volume the total solution volume in litres, 100ml is written as 0.100")
print(" ")
print("Concentration required in Mols")
print(" ")
mass = input ("Mass in g: ")
#print("Solute requred")
volume = input("Volume in l: ")
print((volume) + " l")
conc = input ("Required Concentration in M: ")
solute = float(mass) * float(volume) * float(conc)
print("Solute required: ")
print(str(solute) + " g")
print(" ")
print("Note: This program is a guide, and you should double check calculations")
#Chemical solute calculator
print("Chemical solute calculator")
print(" ")
print("This program will ask you for some basic data and then calculate how much solute is needed for a given volume and concentration")
print(" ")
mass = input ("Mass in g: ")
print("Solute requred")
volume = input("Volume in l: ")
print((volume) + " l")
conc = input ("Required Concentration in M: ")
solute = float(mass) * float(volume) * float(conc)
print(solute)
Note: This is just meant to work and perform a single function. I have not added error checking, so values are numerical.
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Percentage Composition in Chemistry 2
I have remade the video where I explain how to calculate percentage composition. Here I am using Methane as a worked example.
Hopefully it gets the idea across, I will make more and give different examples, hopefully in doing so I will learn and gain confidence in making these videos.
More videos
I have put more videos on the STEM Group blog
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Home Chemistry 19 part 1
How to calculate what is needed for a displacement reaction to take place.
I asked this on Science forums but this is the basis of my question
I have some Copper Sulfate in solution, along with various metallic elements which should produce a displacement reaction for example
Rough equations@-
If I make up a 0.1 molar solution of Copper Sulfate at 100ml volume I need 2.49g of Copper Sulfate in 100ml water. This is fine.
Now if I wanted to add just enough of one of the above metals to displace all the copper do I calculate as follows
( I could look this up, but I have an idea of how to do this, so am asking to see if I am on the right track)
So if I have a 0.1 M solution, and used 2.49 g of the copper sulfate do I then work out what 26% of that is with
Therefore I need 0.65g of one of the above elements to displace the Copper
I think that I am nearly there with this, but given Magnesium , Aluminium and Zinc all have different weights, do I need to factor in the atomic mass of the element I am using for the displacement ?
Or just weigh out say 0.65g of Magnesium to produce
CuSO4 5H2O (solution) + Mg = MgSO4 (solution) + Cu + H20
I am not quite sure what happens to the 5H_2O here.
Am I right on my thinking here ?
Making a Sodium Chloride Solution attempt 3
So further to my previous video, where I measure out the required amount of Sodium Chloride, this video illustrates mixing the solution in a 100ml volumetric flask
Two parts to this video
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Monomer Synthesis
As I have been looking in to how we can replace products that are derived from crude oil. A conversation on fedi,. which you can access here. You may need to scroll down to where it says
polymers are made from monomers, monomers such as ethene, styrene, vinyl chloride et al don't *have* to come from oil. You can synthesise them from carbon dioxide & water & a few others using green energy. It's just not thermodynamically favourable or cheap.
Making these from Carbon Dioxide, Water and other chemicals and utilising green energy are detailed here. However as stated this is not thermodynamically favourable or cheap. however it does show that it can be done.
For clarity, Ethene and Ethylene are the same. Ethene is the official UPAC name. cite Wikidiff
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#Science,#Chemistry,#Monomers,#Ethene,#Styrene,#VinylChloride,#Synthesis
Home Chemistry 18
I have had another go at growing salt crystals. This time I dissolved a quantity of pure Sodium Chloride (NaCl) in to water using a conical flask, then poured this solution in to a glass dish and left for about 2/3 weeks.
Eventually all the water evaporated away, leaving crystals behind. Using my USB microscope, I found and took a picture of some that had grown in to a nice cube shape.
Update 29/7/2023
I have taken another photo using the USB Microscope and also included the calibration / measurement sheet in the photo to try and illustrate crystal size.
Please see Mastodon post for details.
Tags
#Chemistry,#HomeChemistry,#HomeChemistry18,#science,#physics,#biology
Organic Chemistry Modelling 6
We are now going to build the 4th row of molecules in the infographic below.
I have built the models I can, I only have Sulfur atoms with 2 and 4 holes, so building some of these requires six bonds. I can therefore build and photograph them, but will leave the label in place.
Sulfoxide
Sulfone
Sulfinic Acid
Sulfonic Acid
Sulfonate Ester
Thiocyanate
Isothiocyanate
Thial
Thioketone
Phosphine
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Organic Chemistry Modelling 5
We are now going to build the 3rd row of molecules in the infographic below.
Nitroso
Imine
Imide
azide
Cyanate
Iso cyanate
Azocompound
Thiol
Sulfide
DiSulfide
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