Paper.wf Reader

1st: 𝓐𝓼𝓼𝓮𝓻𝓽𝓲𝓷𝓰 a request [CONFRONTING].

January 13, 2026

Series: Communicating effectively 1/3 – Requests (#1) vs. Needs (#3).

◉ F̲̲A̲̲C̲̲T̲̲ ◉ F̲̲E̲̲E̲̲L̲̲I̲̲N̲̲G̲̲ ◉ R̲̲E̲̲Q̲̲U̲̲E̲̲S̲̲T̲̲ ◉
💬 When I drove to work today, I noticed that the car is nearly out of gas (FACT). I felt annoyed and I got angry (FEELING). When you use the car to run errands, I would like you to refill the tank (REQUEST).

separate recent o̲̲b̲̲s̲̲e̲̲r̲̲v̲̲a̲̲t̲̲i̲̲o̲̲n̲̲ (“empty tank”) from suspected chain of events (“someone did not fill the tank up”, “someone was careless”, “someone had to run errands late at night”, “someone decided that sharing a single car would be a 'great idea'” etc.) and refer only to the former: the most reliable observation (“fact”)
stick to “I”-s̲̲t̲̲a̲̲t̲̲e̲̲m̲̲e̲̲n̲̲t̲̲s̲̲ when expressing emotions; resist t̲̲e̲̲m̲̲p̲̲t̲̲a̲̲t̲̲i̲̲o̲̲n̲̲ t̲̲o̲̲ a̲̲t̲̲t̲̲a̲̲c̲̲k̲̲ and blame (“Why have you done this to me?”, “Can't you be reliable for once?”)
be very clear about y̲̲o̲̲u̲̲r̲̲ e̲̲x̲̲p̲̲e̲̲c̲̲t̲̲a̲̲t̲̲i̲̲o̲̲n̲̲s̲̲; when addressing a detected unbalance or overstepping of personal boundary, do not phrase your concern as a question or suggestions, but as a friendly and self-assured demand
it helps when important expectations have been r̲̲e̲̲v̲̲e̲̲a̲̲l̲̲e̲̲d̲̲ by both parties previously, possibly discussed and written down. An established set of rules and continuous exchanges / negotiations enable c̲̲o̲̲n̲̲f̲̲r̲̲o̲̲n̲̲t̲̲a̲̲t̲̲i̲̲o̲̲n̲̲ b̲̲y̲̲ r̲̲e̲̲f̲̲e̲̲r̲̲r̲̲a̲̲l̲̲ (to the rules) and reduce initiator vulnerability
Routinely p̲̲r̲̲e̲̲s̲̲e̲̲n̲̲c̲̲e̲̲ (in-person, off screens), frequent c̲̲h̲̲e̲̲c̲̲k̲̲-̲̲i̲̲n̲̲s̲̲ (“how was your afternoon?”, “would you like to go out tonight?”), and a̲̲c̲̲t̲̲i̲̲v̲̲e̲̲ l̲̲i̲̲s̲̲t̲̲e̲̲n̲̲i̲̲n̲̲g̲̲ (“right”, “gotcha”, “how __ (adorable, happy, strange)!“, “I wonder what happened to __“, “So... do you to slap this guy in the face now or what?”) all contribute to a bond of u̲̲n̲̲d̲̲e̲̲r̲̲s̲̲t̲̲a̲̲n̲̲d̲̲i̲̲n̲̲g̲̲ and e̲̲m̲̲o̲̲t̲̲i̲̲o̲̲n̲̲a̲̲l̲̲ c̲̲o̲̲n̲̲n̲̲e̲̲c̲̲t̲̲i̲̲o̲̲n̲̲, increasing potential for mutual support during times of hardship, as well as fast recovery after events of disappointment

2nd: 𝓡𝓮𝓼𝓹𝓸𝓷𝓭𝓲𝓷𝓰 to an expressed need / confrontation [CARING].

January 13, 2026

from relationships

Series: Communicating effectively 2/3 – Requests (#1) vs. Needs (#3).

◉ R̲̲E̲̲F̲̲L̲̲E̲̲C̲̲T̲̲ and ◉ V̲̲A̲̲L̲̲I̲̲D̲̲A̲̲T̲̲E̲̲ 💬 I understand. It can be really annoying trying to go somewhere only to realize an empty tank (REFLECT). That must have been really frustrating (VALIDATE).

active listening makes sure the initiator feels understood
validation =/= agreement

Source: Deployment Health Clinical Center

3rd: 𝓔𝔁𝓹𝓻𝓮𝓼𝓼𝓲𝓷𝓰 a need [SHARING].

January 12, 2026

from relationships

Series: Communicating effectively 3/3 – Requests (#1) vs. Needs (#3).

◉ F̲̲E̲̲E̲̲L̲̲I̲̲N̲̲G̲̲ ◉ E̲̲X̲̲P̲̲L̲̲A̲̲N̲̲A̲̲T̲̲I̲̲O̲̲N̲̲ ◉ N̲̲E̲̲E̲̲D̲̲ ◉ 💬 I feel like I made a mistake by not letting you now the tank was running out. But I also feel unsafe going to the gas station late (FEELING). I am scared of walking around alone at night (EXPLANATION). I want to run errands and simply leave a note when the tank is low. You know (NEED)?

notice and declare a potential mistake as it helps alleviate immediate steam; however this should only happen if you s̲̲e̲̲e̲̲ your part in this and do not feel accused; do not reply in a servile or defensive manner (this only invites blame and abandonment), instead simply recognize that everyone is responsible to a degree; offering early transparency thus accelerates the formation of consensus
avoid referring to the past; especially: do not defend or justify (alleged) p̲̲a̲̲s̲̲t̲̲ m̲̲i̲̲s̲̲t̲̲a̲̲k̲̲e̲̲s̲̲. Instead, verbalize patterns that you consider gave them rise without blame and in present tense (“I feel like...”, “It is not safe”, “I am ... ( scared | disappointed | hurt )”, “it makes it hard for me to ... ( go to the station, remember to check the car ) when ... ( it is late, I am short on time, I am exhausted )”). This shifts the focus from personal shortcomings to a relatable situation, inviting the other party to help, give a fresh perspective, or even contribute to a structural recalibration
the EXPLANATION part is very short (“I am scared of walking around at night”) which invites the other party to inquire further or conclude for themselves and understand
“I want to...” expresses a wish w̲̲i̲̲t̲̲h̲̲o̲̲u̲̲t̲̲ a̲̲s̲̲k̲̲i̲̲n̲̲g̲̲ f̲̲o̲̲r̲̲ a̲̲p̲̲p̲̲r̲̲o̲̲v̲̲a̲̲l̲̲
the final question is there only to ask for understanding; this makes it clear that the party primarily requests validation

Source: Deployment Health Clinical Center

Sources

January 12, 2026

from relationships

Series: Communicating effectively. * Deployment Health Clinical Center, today 'Psychological Health Center' of US Airforce: [PDF Document]

Chat temporanee

11 gennaio 2026

from TransIZioni

(ovvero: come ti apro una stanza al volo)

Dal momento in cui non sono più su WhatsApp, logicamente mi ritrovo con un buon numero di contatti che scelgono di comunicare con me tramite SMS o email senza installare app di messaggistica alternative. Ci sta, anche perché con molti di loro non ci sentiamo di frequente.

Tuttavia, può capitare che io e un mio contatto ci troviamo entrambi liberi e abbiamo voglia di scriverci un po’, e in questo caso l’email risulta macchinosa e gli SMS incominciano a consumarsi velocemente (è ormai comune che i piani tariffari includano pochi SMS gratuiti, o addirittura li prevedano solo a pagamento).

È vero che ci si può sempre telefonare, ma se vogliamo rimanere nell’ambito della chat c’è una risorsa molto utile in questi casi: le “care vecchie” stanze di chat, private e crittografate, che si possono aprire al volo e in cui ci si invita con un semplice link.

Ne presento due che mi sembrano particolarmente utili e semplici da utilizzare.

1) CHITCHATTER

Soluzione interessantissima perché, pur basata su principi classici, si presenta con un’interfaccia moderna e accattivante e ha funzionalità avanzate.

Dalla homepage posso creare una stanza privata con un tocco:

Homepage di Chitchatter con evidenziato il pulsante Join private room

Mi viene chiesto di creare una password, ma una volta entrato nella stanza posso inviare al mio contatto un link già “sbloccato” toccando prima l’icona del collegamento e poi Advanced:

Screenshot parziale di Chitchatter con evidenziate l’icona del collegamento e il pulsante Advanced, collegati da una freccia

Dichiaro di aver preso nota dei rischi del condividere un link non protetto spuntando la casella di controllo, poi inserisco la password e infine tocco Copy URL with password:

Screenshot del popup di Chitchatter che elenca i rischi del condividere un URL non protetto e chiede conferma prima di permettere di copiarlo negli appunti

A questo punto posso incollare il link in un messaggio e inviarlo al mio contatto, che riceverà una cosa come questa:

Screenshot di un messaggio ricevuto dal mio contatto, con il mio invito a chattare seguendo il link inviato

Toccando il link, entrerà direttamente in chat (il sistema gli assegnerà un nickname casuale).

Le tre icone in alto sono utilissime: le prime due servono ad attivare microfono e videocamera (utilizzandole si può trasformare la chatroom in una vera e propria chiamata audio o video!), mentre la terza permette di inviare file (dalle mie prove, funzionano soltanto le immagini).

Guida visuale alle tre icone dell'interfaccia di Chitchatter spiegate nel testo

Nell’interfaccia desktop è presente anche un’icona per la condivisione dello schermo.

La chat è molto semplice e gradevole da usare e ricorda molto una comune app di messaggistica.

Screenshot di una conversazione su Chitchatter con alcuni messaggi di testo e un’immagine

È possibile usare il markdown per formattare il testo (grassetto, corsivo ecc.), inserire link, liste, titoli e altro (tabella di riferimento).

Per inviare altri tipi di allegati si possono usare servizi esterni che permettono di condividere link temporanei.

Si possono invitare anche più partecipanti nella stessa stanza, creando una chat di gruppo. Tutti gli scambi, incluse le immagini, sono crittografati end-to-end e una volta che tutti i partecipanti sono usciti non rimane alcuna traccia della conversazione.

2) IRC (Libera.Chat)

La “cara vecchia” IRC è ancora viva e vegeta e Libera.Chat presenta un’interfaccia semplice (utilizza KiwiChat) e si può usare anche per chat estemporanee.

Anche in questo caso, dopo aver fatto l’accesso e creato una stanza (in questo caso un canale, che però è pubblico), invierò al mio contatto un messaggio con il link (che includerà il nome del canale): a lui basterà toccare il pulsante Avvia.

Screenshot della schermata di login di Libera Chat come la vede il destinatario, con evidenziato il pulsante Avvia

È consigliabile passare alla modalità privata toccando il nome dell’utente e poi il pulsante Messaggio (devono farlo entrambi gli utenti). In alternativa, si può proteggere il canale con una password e comunicarla al contatto.

L’interfaccia è più semplice di quella di ChitChatter e non c’è modo di inviare allegati, tuttavia è possibile utilizzare servizi esterni che permettono di condividere link temporanei.

Screenshot di una conversazione su Libera Chat con alcuni messaggi di testo e link condivisi

Cliccando sui link e poi su Preview è possibile vederne l’anteprima direttamente in chat.

Screenshot di un link su Libera Chat con l’interfaccia per aprire l’anteprima (è evidenziato il pulsante Preview) e l’anteprima stessa

Un’altra possibilità per usare IRC è The Lounge di Hostux, che funziona in modo analogo. Al login occorre cancellare i canali presenti nel campo Channels, che sono preimpostati, e inserire il nome di un nuovo canale.

Continua...

Can't patch NES Tetris romhacks?

January 5, 2026

from ThiccFurLizzy

TL;DR The header may be NES 2.0 and you need it in iNES, or viceversa.

If you like modding your games to change their difficulty, add quality of life improvements, alter their looks, or have a whole new experience, then you might have found that Tetris for the Nintendo Entertainment System has romhacks which ask for an specific rom which you don't seem to have from your legally dumped cartridge.

The thing is that the NES cartridges use specific wiring and signals to tell the console what to do, since it was designed for only 32k of program rom (program) and 8k of character rom (graphics), totaling 42k (sometimes said to be 41k).

But the cartridges could contain additional chips, colloquially known as “mappers”, which added much needed things like bank switching, allowing for larger, more complex games.

So it was the task of the community to create a way for Emulators to know which additional chips the cartridge game had, and so the iNES header was created, for the aptly named iNES emulator.

Thing is, it was made when the knowledge of the console and it's mappers was still growing, so it was incomplete and lacking in certain areas, which made it so a revision was due, designed to be backwards compatible, NES 2.0

Which brings us to the topic at hand, Tetris has the MMC1 mapper with a SEROM configuration (meaning no program banking, only graphics)

Headers

The iNES Header for Tetris is quite easy actually

4E 45 53 1A 02 02 10 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

All of that means it's a NES game, 32k program rom, 16k character rom, with the MMC1 mapper chip.

However, the NES 2.0 Header for Tetris adds some info

4E 45 53 1A 02 02 10 08 50 00 00 00 00 00 00 01

That adds the fact it's submapper 5 (SEROM) and that it uses standard NES controllers.

The fix

In order to being able to patch the rom with your ips/bps/xdelta/etc you might have to change the header, or even remove it entirely, it shouldn't make any difference to the gamer, only to very accurate emulators.

rom info

Here I include the hashes of the 3 variants discused here, so you can know if you have the correct one.

Unheadered

Hash	Value
CRC32	1394f57e
MD5	5b0e571558c8c796937b96af469561c6
SHA1	fd9079cb5e8479eb06d93c2ae5175bfce871746a
SHA256	2ae5fb18a1bf841077e3872ba05060f030ea0bfc573994b2f8fe2fb570dc7853

iNES

Hash	Value
CRC32	6d72c53a
MD5	ec58574d96bee8c8927884ae6e7a2508
SHA1	77747840541bfc62a28a5957692a98c550bd6b2b
SHA256	acab10f2dbad4d4ef5d56b31cd4cea208bb6e2e2c5dba5eb339d711ec04e3535

NES 2.0

Hash	Value
CRC32	d16ea396
MD5	886012ac3b3fbf4a244dead999788fe8
SHA1	3026d28b63d94c921fe58364f8b0659d10b5a0ac
SHA256	ddb876c302cfd4ee19fabff8e3ede0b6801ded70c49980d1682a32d352953082

January 3, 2026

from stg88com

Guix at command

January 3, 2026

from Logan's Technology Tutorials

One of the problems with Guix is that it is missing an “at” command because it does not have an atd daemon. I figured out that you need to use shepherd's timer service instead. To start up the timer service, you need to add it to ~/.config/shepherd/init.scm

In that add the following lines

(use-modules (shepherd service timer))
(register-services
 (list (timer-service)))

after that, you need to restart herd, and then you can run the service by doing

 herd schedule timer at HH:MM:SS -- COMMAND NAME HERE

You also may need to start up shepherd as a user if you haven't done that already.

minors do not exist.

January 1, 2026

from kid

content: youthlib, bigotry, oppression

the concept of a “minor” allows adults to strip autonomy away from younger people. kids and teens deserve the same human rights as anyone else. the idea that if you are below a certain age you are incapable of thinking for yourself is a very harmful one!!

believing that young people are unable to make decisions on their own due to an “underdeveloped brain” is what makes it so easy to see nothing wrong with treating them as property. after all, they can't think for themselves anyways! 🚩🚩🚩

also, no matter how much u sugar coat ur disdain for “minors” it still comes from stigma against them and the belief that youth and adults are inherently and profoundly different because of their age difference.

“they're just too annoying” “we have nothing in common” “why would a Grown Adult be friends with a Literal Child” are all things people say as if they're not perpetuating bigotry against a group of human beings.

it shouldn't have to be compared to the way other minorities are treated to be understood. we shouldn't have to remind you that sentiments like these mirror and perpetuate bigoted beliefs like racism, transphobia, misogyny, ableism, etc. but imma keep doing it til it clicks!

“it's just my personal preference, i'm allowed to have boundaries.” and that preference / 'boundary' still comes from the belief that laws reflect morality as opposed to limiting the rights and autonomy of certain groups of people. “be gay do crimes” but never question why u are taught that a 17 year old is fundamentally different from an 18 year old.

January 1, 2026

from sparr

Good Riddance, 2025

I had thought that 2024 would be the worst year of my life for at least a while. Little did I know that it would lead to an even worse 2025. For posterity...

The Good

I've been living full time with my partner Mia, and it has been a healthy and beneficial relationship for both of us. My wife Victoria has found a musical companion and formed a touring duo, which seems to be making her happier than she has been in a long time. The holdout tenants at Estate of Mind are gone. It took a year and a half of eviction proceedings, hundreds of hours and thousands of dollars, and was a major achievement when it finally came to pass.

The Bad

I've been unemployed all year. I've made no money. Although I've still done some recreational software development to keep those skills sharp, my infrastructure skills are getting rusty. I'm another year behind on all of my debts. I owe commercial creditors tens of thousands of dollars which continues to mount, due both to interest and to my obligations to keep the utilities on for the tenants, and to a lesser degree to keep protecting the dorm building from winter. I owe friends (still, I hope?) hundreds of thousands of dollars that I borrowed to buy and attempt to repair this property. My divorce will be final in a few weeks. I miss Victoria, even though I know her new situation is better for her. I wish my plans to give her a space to perform and explore her passions hadn't gone so awry.

The Ugly

I'm still trapped at the Est8. The lawsuit preventing sale of the house is ongoing, and could stretch well into 2026. The damage to the manor is now almost entirely unrecoverable. Everyone who had hopes of restoring it has been scared off by the lawsuit, and I've long since run out of money to try to prevent further damage. I have a dozen ongoing court cases, across half a dozen courts in multiple cities. I was arrested for being at the courthouse at the same time as my ex-tenant who has a restraining order against me, when we were both there for a hearing with each other and for another case we were both connected to. The DA has been ignoring all of the video evidence showing I never approached or interacted with her, so it seems like this will go to trial, nine months later. The legal burdens have been extremely stressful and mentally taxing. I spent an average of two days a week in court and/or at the law library, and that's only down to one day now. Not even the holidays were a reprieve, with a dozen filings and deadlines in the last month, and a trial coming up next week. I fear that this experience has permanently impacted my mental stamina and stress tolerance.

Looking Ahead

Things are on track to improve this year. It will probably take months, maybe even most of the year, but I am hopeful that almost all of the problems above will be behind me by the time 2027 gets here. Maybe I'll even get to write a mid-year update with more positive news.

If you're out there reading my long form posts, feel free to get in touch. Some correspondence would be welcome. You surely know how to reach me if you found this.

December 31, 2025

from Freight Company Australia

International shipping: Complete guide for businesses 2026

======================================================

International trade continues to grow in 2026, and for Australian businesses, getting shipping right is no longer optional; it's a competitive advantage. Whether you are exporting locally made products or importing stock from overseas, understanding the logistics landscape can save time, money, and stress. This guide explains the essentials of international shipping and how Ship2Anywhere supports businesses of all sizes.

Understanding international shipping from Australia

For many exporters, international shipping from Melbourne is the starting point. Melbourne remains one of Australia's most important logistics hubs, offering strong air and sea freight connections to Asia, Europe, and North America. Businesses shipping from Melbourne benefit from advanced port infrastructure, reliable customs processing, and access to express courier services.

Choosing the right shipping method is critical. Air freight is ideal for urgent or high-value goods, while sea freight suits bulk shipments where cost efficiency matters more than speed. Ship2Anywhere helps businesses assess the best option based on cargo type, delivery deadlines, and budget.

Key markets and trade routes

One of the most common trade lanes for Australian businesses is shipping from Australia to the USA. The United States remains a major export destination for food products, fashion, health supplements, and industrial components. However, this route requires careful planning around customs documentation, duties, and compliance with US regulations.

Accurate commercial invoices, packing lists, and HS codes are essential to avoid delays. Working with an experienced provider like Ship2Anywhere ensures shipments are compliant and tracked from pickup to final delivery, reducing the risk of costly disruptions.

The growing demand for speed and reliability

Customer expectations continue to rise, especially for online retailers and B2B suppliers. As a result, express shipping to Australia and outbound express services are in high demand. Express shipping is ideal for time-sensitive goods, replacement parts, and premium customer orders.

Ship2Anywhere partners with trusted global carriers to offer fast, reliable express shipping solutions. These services include real-time tracking, priority handling, and predictable delivery windows, which are essential for maintaining customer satisfaction and brand reputation.

Managing costs and risks in 2026

International shipping costs fluctuate due to fuel prices, demand, and global events. Businesses should plan ahead by comparing rates, consolidating shipments, and understanding Inco terms. Insurance is also critical, as it protects against loss or damage during transit.

Using a single logistics partner simplifies this process. Ship2Anywhere provides transparent pricing, expert advice, and tailored solutions for international shipping from Melbourne, shipping from Australia to the USA, and express shipping to Australia.

Final thoughts

In 2026, successful international shipping is about more than moving goods; it's about strategy, compliance, and customer experience. With expert support from https://ship2anywhere.com.au/, Australian businesses can ship confidently, expand globally, and stay ahead in an increasingly competitive market.

December 29, 2025

from Real Estate Bahamas

Own Elite Real Estate Bahamas With Viceroy Luxury Real Estate Group

Nassau, Bahamas – Viceroy Luxury Real Estate Group is proud to offer discerning buyers the opportunity to own elite real estate in the Bahamas. With a carefully curated portfolio of Bahamas property for sale, Viceroy provides unparalleled access to luxury homes, prime waterfront estates, and exclusive private retreats across the Bahamas.

For individuals looking to buy a house in the Bahamas, there has never been a better time to invest. The Bahamas continues to be a top destination for luxury living, offering crystal-clear waters, pristine beaches, and a lifestyle that blends relaxation with sophistication. Viceroy Luxury Real Estate Group ensures that every client finds the perfect property to match their vision, whether seeking serene beachfront villas or vibrant island estates.

With a wide selection of homes for sale in the Bahamas, buyers can explore opportunities that cater to diverse lifestyles. From family-friendly residences to investment properties designed to generate rental income, Viceroy’s portfolio showcases the very best the Bahamas has to offer. Every property is handpicked to meet the highest standards of luxury, comfort, and exclusivity.

Those interested in Bahamas property for sale can rely on Viceroy Luxury Real Estate Group’s expert guidance throughout the buying process. From initial consultation to final acquisition, Viceroy’s team of experienced real estate professionals ensures a seamless and stress-free experience. Buyers are provided with detailed market insights, property evaluations, and tailored recommendations to make informed decisions when they buy a house in the Bahamas.

Investing in real estate in the Bahamas not only provides a luxurious lifestyle but also offers long-term value in one of the world’s most desirable locations. Viceroy Luxury Real Estate Group makes it possible for buyers to secure exclusive properties with confidence, backed by a reputation for excellence and unmatched service in the Bahamian real estate market.

For those ready to take the next step, Viceroy invites prospective buyers to explore their extensive listings of homes for sale in the Bahamas and Bahamas property for sale today. Luxury, privacy, and investment potential await those who choose to own elite real estate in the Bahamas with Viceroy Luxury Real Estate Group.

About Viceroy Luxury Real Estate Group

Viceroy Luxury Real Estate Group is a premier real estate company specializing in high-end properties throughout the Bahamas. With a commitment to excellence, personalized service, and a curated portfolio of exclusive estates, Viceroy helps clients buy houses in the Bahamas and achieve their dream of luxury island living.

Contact Information:

Viceroy Luxury Real Estate Group Phone: +1.242.605.3400 Email: [email protected] Website: https://viceroybahamas.com/

2006年旧文：《中国新闻周刊》：电视剧“施琅”热播的冷思考

2025年12月28日

from 杂文

【个人思考：所有帝国都会遭遇内生的民族危机。刁近乎加速政府大概不会料到，民族主义者已将CCP政府视为民族叛徒，乃至视为延续满清“殖民统治”的“他者”。这种不满并非海外“反贼”在各种被墙网络平台的清谈，而是来自墙内流行的社交网络。这位总加速师上台以来，长期倡导民族伟大、民族复兴的话语，而中国人的民族（排外）主义也随之不断高涨。中国社会开始流行穿着的“汉服”、“国风”，也是社会大众对民族主义之响应。汉服、国风成为他们眼中代表中国的标志。然而，明眼人瞬间就能识别其背后表达的是一种纯粹汉族主义，这与CCP倡导56个民族平等，保护55个少数民族文化的表述背道而驰。总加速政府近年高调提倡“中华民族统一共同体”，认为56个民族虽来源不同，但在漫长历史中注定走向融合统一，归于“中华民族”这一新造的国族身份。从实践上看，它意味着消除民族差异，对少数民族的彻底汉化：看看CCP当局对内陆亚洲部分各族语言之打压、禁制，甚至将新疆少数民族大量关入集中营，即可了解。有趣的是，当前墙内社交网络的反建制网民根本不吃这一套，他们不屑中华民族统一共同体这个身份，他们只想彰显汉人身份，并自称“皇汉”。在皇汉看来，CCP长年实行的少数民族优待政策，是打压汉族、背叛汉族的表现：例如非汉族国民无需执行一胎制的计生，在升学考试中有加分优待，暴力机关在不同民族发生纠纷时偏向少数民族。2025年大陆曝光一部即将上映的电影，引起皇汉的愤慨。该电影讲述清朝征服台湾的历史故事，但将固守台湾的郑氏集团（自称忠于已灭亡的明朝）描述为叛乱政权，把清朝捧为正统王朝，此事令该电影遭到一片反对，激发反清情绪。就在这一年，有人在网上曲解《红楼梦》情节，说这是悼念明朝的隐晦文学，进一步助长反清情绪。这次舆情越发直指CCP当局，指该政权根本不是汉人政权，而是满清政权。这不是玩笑，而是真的有人这样宣传。此外，当局刻意避谈历史上汉人与其它内亚民族的冲突、互杀，只讲“融合”，被皇汉讥讽为“团结史观”并大加挞伐。他们针锋相对地提倡1644年明朝被满清亡国，清不是中国的“1644史观”。按这么看，中共政权也是外来征服政权，自然也不是中国的代表。总之，下文论述的国家主义（国族主义）同民族主义的分道扬镳，正好是当前中国面临的困境。】

一部电视剧《施琅大将军》，让国家主义和民族主义联盟再次出现分歧

　　国家主义和民族主义这个悠久而坚固的联盟，也许会产生一个新的格局，而导火索是最近热播的电视连续剧《施琅大将军》。陈明声言，策划《施琅大将军》的原因，乃是“想振作决策层对解决台湾问题的意志力和决心”。第四代儒生在此展示了坚定的国家主义立场。

　　亚细亚国家主义的历史逻辑，就是要辨认中国历史上的所有正统国家，也就是从夏商周、秦汉魏晋到元明清的王朝谱系。所有被纳入这一谱系的先朝，都是正统的政权，应当受到追穰。依据这个逻辑，传统国家(前朝)对国土和人民的维系(扩张或失落)状况，就成为政治评判的基本尺度。国家主义为此制订了自己的第一定律：凡是有利于捍卫和扩展疆域的就是“国家英雄”，反之就是“国家罪人”。

　　但国家主义也会面临种族问题的严重困扰，即如何区分入侵异族和本土国家政权。国家主义为此增设了第二定律来弥补第一定律的逻辑缺陷：凡是在异族尚未占领和统治中原之前，一切针对“他者”的抗击活动，皆应视为爱国行为；而外族一旦完成民族征服和国家接管，“他者”就转换成了“自者”，即合法的统治者，从此后所发生的任何抗争活动，都应被视为叛逆和分裂。

　　这个从“他者”向“自者”转换的过程，国家主义者通常誉之为“民族融合”，因为它符合国家主义的空间信念：尽其可能地征服更为广阔的土地和获取大数量的人民。所有成功的征服者如嬴政、刘彻和康熙，都曾受到国家主义者的热烈讴歌；而那些丢失土地的皇帝，则成为无情嘲弄和抨击的丑角。国家主义最严厉的判词是“卖国贼”，而它的最高誉词，就是“爱国主义者”。

　　但国家主义的第二定律跟第一定律是自相矛盾的。第一定律依据的是国土信念和政治地理学逻辑，而第二定律却把政治权力接管(确立新国号和权力合法化)作为道德转换的分界线，据此分辨爱国和叛国——这不过是新儒生玩弄的实用主义权力游戏而已，它完全背离了有关的国家正义原则(侵略和被侵略、占领和被占领、屠杀和被屠杀等等)的公理性常识。

　　与此形成鲜明对比的，是民族主义的历史逻辑。民族主义只有一条定律，那就是确认汉人作为统治者的惟一正统地位，而指认所有异族为入侵者和非法征服者。

　　在民族主义的视域里，民族的“他者”不能转换为“自者”。“他者”永远是“他者”，即便它登基和掌控最高权力，它仍然是可耻的入侵者，必须给予坚决反抗和推翻。民族主义者是汉种族的强硬卫士，坚定地捍卫着汉族在东亚地区的支配地位，并且把这种种族纯粹性当作自己的核心信念。民族主义最严厉的判词是“汉奸”，而它的最高誉词就是“民族英雄”。

　　国家主义和民族主义的国土想象边界是截然不同的。尽管国家主义的第一定律完全符合民族主义定律，但它的第二定律却与之发生了激烈冲突。屈原、岳飞和史可法等人，其抗争行为发生在政治分界线之前，所以国家主义和民族主义之间没有任何分歧，但郑成功的抗争行为却发生于分界线之后，也就是发生在满族人建立清帝国之后，所以，对于郑成功的判定，新儒生的国家主义和汉民族主义必定出现严重分歧。

　　上述分歧曾经长期处于模糊状态。但目前热播的电视剧《施琅大将军》却将这种争论推向前台。第四代儒生所代表的国家主义，痛斥民族主义者是“种族主义”和“大汉族主义”，而闽籍教授和民族主义网民则联合起来，愤怒声讨国家主义者是“汉奸”。

　　在台湾岛，早期大陆移民大多是郑成功及其部属的后裔，他们对郑氏和汉族祖先的缅怀，无疑是支撑其身份认同的精神支柱。对郑氏叛将施琅的道德平反，不可避免地要涉及郑成功的“民族英雄”身份，而且会对海外民族主义者的核心价值有所冲击。第四代儒生发动的政治探险，正在面临严峻的历史考验。

　　(来源：《中国新闻周刊》；朱大可）